Last Updated: January 19, 2021
Step 1: Purpose
Q1: What should our first step be as a school when changing our grading practices?
A1: Thomas Guskey (2020) says a common mistake schools make in grading reform is focusing on how before why. Therefore, the first step for school leaders is to clarify the purpose of grading in your school/district by creating consensus around a grading purpose statement. While not required, it may make sense to utilize a guiding coalition (i.e. building leadership team, grading task force, etc.) to determine this grading purpose statement.
A1: Suggested resources:
Step 2: Principles
Q2: After we have a grading purpose statement, what is our next step?
A2: Develop 3-5 grading principles (guidelines) in support of the purpose statement.
A2: Examples
- Bexley Middle School grading belief statements (Bexley, OH)
- Des Moines Public Schools grading practices (Des Moines, IA)
Q3: What resources are available for staff to understand why grading practices should change?
A3: Suggested books:
- A Repair Kit for Grading: 15 Fixes for Broken Grades (2nd edition) by O’Connor (2011)
- Fair isn’t Always Equal (2nd Edition) by Wormeli (2018)
- Grading for Equity by Joe Feldman (2019)
- On Your Mark: Challenging the Conventions of Grading and Reporting by Guskey (2015)
- Rethinking Grading: Meaningful Assessment for Standards-based Learning by Vatterott (2015)
A3: Suggested articles forthcoming
Step 3: Pilot
Q4: What resources are available for staff to understand how to change grading practices?
A4: Suggested books:
- How to Grade for Learning (4th Edition) by O’Connor (2017)
- Making Grades Matter: Standards-Based Grading in a Secondary PLC at Work by Townsley & Wear (2020)
- Standards-Based Learning in Action: Moving from Theory to Practice by Schimmer, Hillman & Stalets (2018)
- The Standards-Based Classroom: Make Learning the Goal by Rinkema & Williams (2018) [For a deep dive into a concept-based rather than content-based approach]
A4: Suggested articles forthcoming
Q5: What are some of the other “lessons learned” from schools that have previously implemented standards-based grading?
A5: Based upon the perspectives of teachers, administrators and parents stemming from published research studies, school leaders might anticipate…
- going slow to go fast,
- a “bell curve” of buy-in,
- providing frequent just-in-time professional learning for teachers (assessment literacy & grading)
- and overcoming stakeholders’ fear of the unknown.
A5: Suggested articles:
- Article: “Losing As and Fs: What works for schools implementing standards-based grading? by Townsley & Buckmiller (2020)
- Article: “Making change stick: A case study of one high school’s journey towards standards-based grading” by Townsley & Knight (2020)
- Article: “Anticipating a second wave of standards-based grading Implementation and understanding the potential barriers: Perceptions of high school principals” by Townsley, Buckmiller & Cooper (2019)
- Article: “Considering standards-based grading: Challenges for secondary school leaders” by Townsley (2019)
- Article: “Vocal and vehement: Understanding parents’ aversion to standards-based grading” by Frankin, Buckmiller & Kruse (2016)
- Article: “Our grades were broken”: Overcoming barriers and challenges to implementing standards-based grading” by Peters & Buckmiller (2014)
- Article: “It’s just not fair!” Making sense of secondary students’ resistance to a standards-based grading initiative in the midwestern United States” by Peters, Kruse, Buckmiller & Townsley (2017)